Unit 1
Section One Tactics for Listening
Listening and Translation
Directions: Listen to some sentences and translate them into Chinese. You will hear each sentence only once.
1. 在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。
2. 费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。
3. 有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。
4. 在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从 7 月 1 日起上调。
5. 人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕业。
Section two Listening Comprehension
Part 1 Dialogue
Social grouping
VOCABULARY
solitary /'s?l?t?r?/ adj. living without others; alone
termite /t??ma?t/ n.白蚁
carnivore /'kɑ?n?v?:/ n. a flesh-eating animal
cheetah /'t?i: t?/ n.猎豹
pride /pra?d/ n. a group (of lions)
orangutan /?:r??u:'t?n / n.猩猩
unimale /'ju: n?me?l/ adj.只有一个雄性的
harem /'hɑ?ri: m/ n.［集合名词］共配一雄的一群雌性动物
chimp /t??mp/ n. (非洲)黑猩猩
Directions: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.
1. In terms of social grouping, animals usually live in ways A .
A. two B. three C. four D. five
2. Solitary animals get together when C
A. they look for food B. they are in danger
C. they mate D. they need assistance
3. A pride of lions would have perhaps D
A. one or two males, a couple of females, and then the cubs
B. one or two males, a dozen females, and then the cubs
C. two or three males, a couple of females, and then the cubs
D. two or three males, a dozen females, and then the cubs
4. D live in very big and complicated social groups.
A.Lions B. Cheetahs C. Chimpanzees D. Gorillas
5. The baby orangutans will stay with the mother several years because B .
A. they need to learn how to form a group
B. they need to learn how to survive
C. they need to learn how to recognize the signs of the forest
D. they need to learn how to build shelters
6. Orangutans are solitary because C .
A. it's hard for them to bring up their young in a group
B. it's hard for them to find mates in a group
C. it's hard for them to find food in a group
D. it's hard for them to find shelters in a group
7. In a unimale gorilla group, the one male in the group B .
A. has got silky fur on his back B. has got silvery fur on his back
C. has got slippery fur on his back D. has got snow-white fur on his back
8. Many mammals and insects are very social except A .
A. most cats B. most apes
C. bees and wasps D. ants and termites
Part 2 Passage
Community Corteges
BACKGROUND
community college Community colleges are two-year post-secondary institutions that offer certificate programs, Associate of Arts degrees, Associate of Science degrees, plus many other programs. According to the latest statistics from the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC), there are 1, 166 community colleges in the United States.
K-8 kindergarten through grade eight
Elementary education begins generally at the age of five or six and lasts from six to eight years. In much of the United States a year of kindergarten often precedes the first grade of the 8-year elementary course.
associate degree A US associate degree is a two-year degree given by two types of colleges: community colleges offering associate degree programs are operated by the local government and are financed by public funds; US junior colleges offering associate degree programs are generally privately run.
VOCABULARY
initiate /fnijieil/ v. start something or cause something to happen
quantify /'kwontifai/ v. express or measure the quantity of
implicit /im'plisit/ adj- (fml) implied though not plainly expressed
pay dividends produce an advantage, especially as a result of earlier action
A: Pre-listening Question
What do you know about colleges and universities in the United States?
B: Sentence Dictation
Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.
1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.
2. Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.
3. There are different federal loans and private loans for students.
4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1 st
5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.
C: Detailed Listening
Directions: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.
1. The leaders of the US realized that a skilled workforce was needed in the country's key economic sectors. F
2. Three-quarters of high school graduates could not further their education because there were not enough higher education facilities available in the early 20th century. F
3. It was common for public high schools to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program in the early 20th century.
T
4. During the same time, small, private colleges had formed an effective model of higher education based on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations and so on. T
5. The typical early community college rarely enrolled over 115 students.
F
6. Community colleges were good places for women to get education needed to be primary school teachers. T
7.Community colleges, which appeared a century ago, make it possible for anyone who wants to learn to get publicly funded higher education close to their homes.
T
8. The success of community colleges can be defined as granting students associate degrees or certificates they need to find a job. F
D: After-listening Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.
1. How do community colleges benefit their students according to research?
Students with associate degrees and certificates /more likely / higher-status management /professional positions with higher earnings investment / pay lifelong dividends students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250, 000 ≥people without degrees.
2. What do you think about higher education in China
Open
Section Three News
News Item 1
VOCABULARY
rendezvous / 'r?nd?vu: /v. meet at an agreed time and place
dock /d?k/ v- (of a spacecraft) join with a space station or another spacecraft in space
A： Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.
This news item is about China's ambitious space program
B： Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following outline.
China's second manned space mission
1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia
2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige
Future plan
1. The next manned mission
1) lime: 2007
2) Goal: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia
2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft
3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future
News Item 2
VOCABULARY
restock /ri:'st ?k/ V. re-supply stock
property /'pr?p?t ?/ n. a piece of real estate
sector /'sekt ?/ n. a division, as of a national economy
subsidy /'s?bs?d?/ n. a form of financial assistance paid to a business or economic sector
A: Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.
This news item is about
B: Directions: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.
There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery The property sector is showing signs of
overheating The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to
extend tax subsidies for purchases of small
vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.
Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February But the rise was small and probably reflected
higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed
crops and disrupted
transport
News Item 3
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Addis Ababa亚的斯亚贝巴（埃塞俄比亚首都）
A： Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.
This news item is about
B： Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.
1. How has the main football stadium been built in many African capitals?
In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.
2. How much does Sino-African trade -- and aid -- amount to?
It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year.
3. How is the relationship between China and Africa compared with that between Europe and Africa?
The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa.
4. What did China promise on the meeting in Addis Ababa?
On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.
Section Four Supplementary Exercises
Part 1 Feature Report
Americans Turn Off TV to Turn On family Life
forgo /f?:'g??/ v. give up pediatrics /?
A: Directions: Listen to the news report and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.
1. During the annual event of the National TV-Turnoff Network, American families are encouraged to turn off TVs for at least one week. T
2. The purpose of the National TV-Turnoff Network is to persuade children and adults not to watch TV F
3? American children spend more than five hours a day watching TV programs.
F
4. Scientific studies have only shown a link between excessive television watching and childhood obesity F
5. The TV-free movement, though started in the US, is beginning to catch fire all over the world. T
B: Directions: Listen to the news report again and answer the following questions.
1. How long has the National TV-Turnoff Network been established?
It has been established for 11 years.
2. When does National TV-Turnoff week take place?
It takes place every April.
3. Why does the public criticize television programs and commercials?
Because they glorify violence and foster unhealthy eating habits.
4. What sorts of things should children experience according to Mr Vespe?
They should have a wide variety of experiences, such as interacting with other people, playing games, sports, music and reading.
5. What is the Network lobbying for?
The Network is lobbying for better regulation of the use of television in public spaces.
Part 2 Passage
Playing the price for Tuition Increases
VOCABULARY
Stagnation /st?g'ne???n/ n. being or becoming dull or sluggish through disuse, inactivity; etc.
hefty /'heft?/ adj. big and powerful jeopardize /'d?
A: Pre-listening Question
What do you know about university tuition increase in the United States?
B: Sentence Dictation
Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.
1. David Green saw earning a degree in management-information systems as the key to making a decent living.
2. The problem for many Wright State students is that "affordable" is becoming a relative term in public higher education.
3. After several consecutive years of double-digit or near-double-digit tuition increases, it costs nearly 50 percent more for in-state undergraduates to enroll here than it did four years ago.
4. Most of the other students here seemed quietly resigned to covering the rising costs any way they could, often at the expense of their studies.
5. Tuition increases jeopardize the , "heart-and -soul mission" of Wright State, which is to provide people from modest backgrounds "a ticket up and out".
C: Detailed Listening
Directions: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. Which state does David A. Green come from? A
A.Ohio. B. Wright State.
C. Iowa.D. Idaho.
2. What was Wright State University established for? D
A.Serving the native students.
B.Serving the sons and grandsons of factory workers.
C.Serving the sons and grandsons of lawmakers.
D.Serving people from modest backgrounds.
3. Why does Mr Green say he could not have stayed in his hometown and found work? C
A.Because the local businesses are slow
B.Because too many high school graduates are looking for jobs.
C.Because too many local factories have closed.
D.Because all of the local factories have closed.
4. How is Wright State ranked among Ohio's 13 public universities in terms of tuition? D
A.It is ranked the first.B. It is ranked the last.
C It is ranked the 9th.D. It is ranked the 10th.
5. How much did most of the in-state undergraduates pay for the 2004-2005 academic year in Wright State? C
A. Over $4, 000. B. Over $5, 000.
C. Over $6, 000. D. Over $7, 000.
6. Why would lawmakers rather cut spending on higher education than on most other public services? A
A.Because public colleges can raise tuition.
B.Because public colleges can cut enrollment.
C.Because public colleges can trim salaries.
D.Because public colleges can cut courses.
7. How many hours did Mr Green work a week on campus in order to make ends meet? B
A. 20 hours.B. 30 hours.
C. 13 hours.D. 31 hours.
8. What was in the way of Mr Green's efforts to learn? D
A. School work.
B. Homework.
C. After-school activities.
D. His efforts to finance his college education.
D: After-listening Discussion
Directions： Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.
1. What was the only thing that separated Mr Green from many other students?
The only thing that separated him from many other students was his eagerness, as a member of the college's student government, to speak out against tuition increases and cuts in higher-education spending. Most of the other students seemed quietly resigned to covering the rising costs any way they could, which generally meantstudies.
2. What is your opinion about tuition increase
Open